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The casting process and preparation method of aluminum castings are important technologies in the field of metal processing. Aluminum castings are widely used in fields such as automobiles, aerospace, electronics and machinery due to their light weight, high strength and corrosion resistance.

Casting processes are mainly divided into three types: pressure casting, gravity casting and extrusion casting. Pressure casting, abbreviated as die casting, is a process in which molten aluminum or aluminum alloy is pressed into the casting chamber of a mold under the action of external force. It can be further classified into various types such as vacuum casting, centrifugal casting, and low-pressure casting. Gravity casting is a process in which molten metal flows into a mold by its own gravity, including sand casting and metal mold casting. Sand casting has a low cost and is suitable for mass production. Metal mold casting can produce castings with high precision and smooth surfaces.

Extrusion casting, also known as liquid die forging, is a process in which molten or semi-solid metals solidify and flow under high pressure to form the shape. This method can eliminate internal defects such as gas holes and shrinkage cavities, and improve the quality of castings.

The preparation method usually includes steps such as aluminum or aluminum alloy smelting, model making, casting solidification, demolding and cleaning. During the smelting process, it is necessary to control the temperature and composition to ensure the quality of the metal. Model manufacturing is carried out according to the required shape and size of the casting to ensure casting accuracy. After the casting solidifies, it needs to undergo demolding and cleaning to obtain the aluminum casting.

The entire casting process must strictly control process parameters such as temperature, pressure and time to ensure the quality of the castings. Meanwhile, the design and manufacture of molds are also of vital importance, directly influencing the shape, size and surface quality of castings.

In conclusion, the casting process and preparation method of aluminum castings are important technologies in metal processing. Choosing the appropriate casting process and preparation method can enhance production efficiency, reduce costs, and improve product quality.